云间玉兔,自出机抒,从零开始制作Web插件网页特效小兔子组件(小挂件widget),基于原生CSS/NPM

著意登楼瞻玉兔，何人张幕遮银阙？又到了一年一度的网页小挂件环节，以往我们都是集成别人开源的组件，但所谓熟读唐诗三百首，不会做诗也会吟，熟读了别人的东西，做几首打油诗也是可以的，但若不能自出机抒，却也成不了大事，所以本次我们从零开始制作属于自己的网页小挂件，博君一晒。

玉兔主题元素绘制

成本最低的绘制方式是使用纯CSS，不依赖任何图片和三方库，首先创建绘制容器：

<div id="rabbit_box">
</div>

由于是小挂件，我们首先将容器固定在右下角：

#rabbit_box{
    position: fixed;  
    bottom: var(--pos,5%);   
    right: 35px;   
    z-index: 99;   
    border: none;   
    outline: none;   
    filter: drop-shadow(3px 5px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.4));  
  }

这里加了一层filter滤镜，可以让玉兔更加立体。

考虑到复用性和可移植性，将主题元素动态添加到容器中：

function rabbit_init(){
    var container = document.getElementById("rabbit_box");  
    container.innerHTML = '<div class="rabbit"><div class="rabbit__leg rabbit__leg--one"></div><div class="rabbit__leg rabbit__leg--two"></div><div class="rabbit__tail"></div><div class="rabbit__body"></div><div class="rabbit__leg rabbit__leg--three"></div><div class="rabbit__leg rabbit__leg--four"></div><div class="rabbit__ear rabbit__ear--right"></div><div class="rabbit__head"></div><div class="rabbit__ear rabbit__ear--left"></div></div>';  
}  
rabbit_init()

这里玉兔元素由八个小组件构成，分别是头部，四肢，四爪，两只耳朵，眼睛，尾巴以及嘴。

随后设置CSS样式：

.rabbit .rabbit__body {
    width: 4em;  
    height: 5.6em;  
    background: #F4F4F4;  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/60% 60% 40% 40%;  
    transform: rotate(-40deg);  
    box-shadow: inset -2.3em -2.7em 0 0 var(--theme-color,#D2DAEE);  
  }

兔子身体元素通过border-radius来获得圆润的曲线，同时使用transform旋转元素得到一个适合的角度。最后通过box-shadow属性来设置颜色，颜色可以自定义，如果没有自定义则使用默认值#D2DAEE，注意旋转角度需要指定单位：deg。

接着绘制头部：

.rabbit .rabbit__head {
    position: absolute;  
    width: 4em;  
    height: 4.6em;  
    top: -2.5em;  
    left: -2em;  
    background: var(--theme-color,#e1e6f4);  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/65% 60% 40% 35%;  
    transform: rotate(-120deg);  
    overflow: hidden;  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__head:before {  
    content: "";  
    position: absolute;  
    width: 0.65em;  
    height: 0.5em;  
    top: -0.1em;  
    left: 1.8em;  
    background: #F97996;  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/30% 30% 70% 70%;  
    transform: rotate(130deg);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__head:after {  
    content: "";  
    position: absolute;  
    width: 1em;  
    height: 1em;  
    top: 1.5em;  
    left: 1.6em;  
    background: #F4F4F4;  
    border-radius: 50%;  
    box-shadow: inset 0.1em 0.15em 0 0.37em #e2262e;  
  }

这里通过::before 和 ::after 伪元素在兔子头部元素的前面或后面插入内容，头部前面绘制兔嘴，后面则插入兔子眼睛，之所以这样控制，是因为可以灵活的使用box-shadow填充颜色。

接着绘制耳朵：

.rabbit .rabbit__ear {
    position: absolute;  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/40% 40% 60% 60%;  
    transform-origin: 50% 100%;  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__ear--left {  
    width: 2.2em;  
    height: 4.7em;  
    top: -5.7em;  
    left: -0.2em;  
    background: #F3E3DE;  
    transform: rotate(60deg);  
    box-shadow: inset 0.3em -0.4em 0 -0.1em var(--theme-color,#c7d1ea);  
    -webkit-animation: ear-left 3s infinite ease-out;  
            animation: ear-left 3s infinite ease-out;  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__ear--right {  
    width: 2em;  
    height: 4.7em;  
    top: -5.5em;  
    left: -0.7em;  
    background: var(--theme-color,#D2DAEE);  
    transform: rotate(20deg);  
    -webkit-animation: ear-right 3s infinite ease-out;  
            animation: ear-right 3s infinite ease-out;  
  }
@-webkit-keyframes ear-left {  
    0%, 20%, 100% {  
      transform: rotate(40deg);  
    }  
    10%, 30%, 80% {  
      transform: rotate(45deg);  
    }  
    90% {  
      transform: rotate(50deg);  
    }  
  }  
  @keyframes ear-left {  
    0%, 20%, 100% {  
      transform: rotate(40deg);  
    }  
    10%, 30%, 80% {  
      transform: rotate(45deg);  
    }  
    90% {  
      transform: rotate(50deg);  
    }  
  }  
  @-webkit-keyframes ear-right {  
    0%, 20%, 100% {  
      transform: rotate(10deg);  
    }  
    10%, 30%, 80% {  
      transform: rotate(5deg);  
    }  
    90% {  
      transform: rotate(0deg);  
    }  
  }  
  @keyframes ear-right {  
    0%, 20%, 100% {  
      transform: rotate(10deg);  
    }  
    10%, 30%, 80% {  
      transform: rotate(5deg);  
    }  
    90% {  
      transform: rotate(0deg);  
    }  
  } 

这里通过-webkit-animation属性让兔子左右耳在3秒内进行来回摆动，达到一种动态效果，注意左耳内侧颜色固定为：#F3E3DE，同时动画会影响元素的布局，需要注意元素的宽高。

最后就是四肢和尾巴：

.rabbit .rabbit__leg {
    position: absolute;  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__leg--one {  
    width: 0.8em;  
    height: 3em;  
    top: 2.3em;  
    left: 0.2em;  
    background: var(--theme-color,#c7d1ea);  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/30% 30% 70% 70%;  
    transform-origin: 50% 0%;  
    transform: rotate(15deg);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__leg--one:before {  
    content: "";  
    position: absolute;  
    width: 0.8em;  
    height: 0.5em;  
    top: 2.6em;  
    left: -0.2em;  
    background: #f3f6ff;  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/70% 70% 30% 30%;  
    transform: rotate(-10deg);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__leg--three {  
    width: 0.9em;  
    height: 3em;  
    top: 2.4em;  
    left: 0.7em;  
    background: var(--theme-color,#e1e6f4);  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/30% 30% 70% 70%;  
    transform-origin: 50% 0%;  
    transform: rotate(10deg);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__leg--three:before {  
    content: "";  
    position: absolute;  
    width: 0.8em;  
    height: 0.5em;  
    top: 2.6em;  
    left: -0.2em;  
    background: #f3f6ff;  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/70% 70% 30% 30%;  
    transform: rotate(-10deg);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__leg--two {  
    width: 2.6em;  
    height: 3.6em;  
    top: 1.7em;  
    left: 1.6em;  
    background: #c7d1ea;  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/50% 50% 50% 50%;  
    transform-origin: 50% 0%;  
    transform: rotate(10deg);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__leg--two:before {  
    content: "";  
    position: absolute;  
    width: 1.6em;  
    height: 0.8em;  
    top: 3.05em;  
    left: 0em;  
    background: #f3f6ff;  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/70% 70% 30% 30%;  
    transform: rotate(-10deg);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__leg--four {  
    width: 2.6em;  
    height: 3.6em;  
    top: 1.8em;  
    left: 2.1em;  
    background: var(--theme-color,#e1e6f4);  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/50% 50% 50% 50%;  
    transform-origin: 50% 0%;  
    transform: rotate(10deg);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__leg--four:before {  
    content: "";  
    position: absolute;  
    width: 1.6em;  
    height: 0.8em;  
    top: 3.05em;  
    left: 0em;  
    background: #f3f6ff;  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/70% 70% 30% 30%;  
    transform: rotate(-10deg);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__tail {  
    position: absolute;  
    width: 0.9em;  
    height: 0.9em;  
    top: 3.7em;  
    left: 4em;  
    background: var(--theme-color,#D2DAEE);  
    transform: rotate(25deg);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__tail:after, .rabbit .rabbit__tail:before {  
    content: "";  
    position: absolute;  
    width: 100%;  
    height: 100%;  
    background: var(--theme-color,#D2DAEE);  
    border-radius: 50%;  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__tail:before {  
    top: 0;  
    left: -50%;  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__tail:after {  
    top: 50%;  
    left: 0;  
  }

这里四肢和四爪的颜色应该有差异，四肢颜色可以自定义，四爪固定为白色，以达到“四蹄踏雪”的效果。

接着改造初始化函数，使其可以动态更改颜色：

function rabbit_init(color=null,pos=null){
    var container = document.getElementById("rabbit_box");  
    container.innerHTML = '<div class="rabbit"><div class="rabbit__leg rabbit__leg--one"></div><div class="rabbit__leg rabbit__leg--two"></div><div class="rabbit__tail"></div><div class="rabbit__body"></div><div class="rabbit__leg rabbit__leg--three"></div><div class="rabbit__leg rabbit__leg--four"></div><div class="rabbit__ear rabbit__ear--right"></div><div class="rabbit__head"></div><div class="rabbit__ear rabbit__ear--left"></div></div>';  
    if(color != null){  
        document.documentElement.style.setProperty("--theme-color",color);  
    }  
    if(pos != null){  
        document.documentElement.style.setProperty("--pos",pos);  
    }  
}  
rabbit_init("pink")

最终效果：

开源发布

现在我们将这个开源特效打包上线，首先创建项目目录：

mkdir rabbit

随后将特效的样式CSS代码以及JS代码分别抽离出来：rabbit.css:

.rabbit {
    position: relative;  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__body {  
    width: 4em;  
    height: 5.6em;  
    background: #F4F4F4;  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/60% 60% 40% 40%;  
    transform: rotate(-40deg);  
    box-shadow: inset -2.3em -2.7em 0 0 var(--theme-color,#D2DAEE);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__head {  
    position: absolute;  
    width: 4em;  
    height: 4.6em;  
    top: -2.5em;  
    left: -2em;  
    background: var(--theme-color,#e1e6f4);  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/65% 60% 40% 35%;  
    transform: rotate(-120deg);  
    overflow: hidden;  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__head:before {  
    content: "";  
    position: absolute;  
    width: 0.65em;  
    height: 0.5em;  
    top: -0.1em;  
    left: 1.8em;  
    background: #F97996;  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/30% 30% 70% 70%;  
    transform: rotate(130deg);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__head:after {  
    content: "";  
    position: absolute;  
    width: 1em;  
    height: 1em;  
    top: 1.5em;  
    left: 1.6em;  
    background: #F4F4F4;  
    border-radius: 50%;  
    box-shadow: inset 0.1em 0.15em 0 0.37em #e2262e;  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__ear {  
    position: absolute;  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/40% 40% 60% 60%;  
    transform-origin: 50% 100%;  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__ear--left {  
    width: 2.2em;  
    height: 4.7em;  
    top: -5.7em;  
    left: -0.2em;  
    background: #F3E3DE;  
    transform: rotate(60deg);  
    box-shadow: inset 0.3em -0.4em 0 -0.1em var(--theme-color,#c7d1ea);  
    -webkit-animation: ear-left 3s infinite ease-out;  
            animation: ear-left 3s infinite ease-out;  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__ear--right {  
    width: 2em;  
    height: 4.7em;  
    top: -5.5em;  
    left: -0.7em;  
    background: var(--theme-color,#D2DAEE);  
    transform: rotate(20deg);  
    -webkit-animation: ear-right 3s infinite ease-out;  
            animation: ear-right 3s infinite ease-out;  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__leg {  
    position: absolute;  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__leg--one {  
    width: 0.8em;  
    height: 3em;  
    top: 2.3em;  
    left: 0.2em;  
    background: var(--theme-color,#c7d1ea);  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/30% 30% 70% 70%;  
    transform-origin: 50% 0%;  
    transform: rotate(15deg);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__leg--one:before {  
    content: "";  
    position: absolute;  
    width: 0.8em;  
    height: 0.5em;  
    top: 2.6em;  
    left: -0.2em;  
    background: #f3f6ff;  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/70% 70% 30% 30%;  
    transform: rotate(-10deg);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__leg--three {  
    width: 0.9em;  
    height: 3em;  
    top: 2.4em;  
    left: 0.7em;  
    background: var(--theme-color,#e1e6f4);  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/30% 30% 70% 70%;  
    transform-origin: 50% 0%;  
    transform: rotate(10deg);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__leg--three:before {  
    content: "";  
    position: absolute;  
    width: 0.8em;  
    height: 0.5em;  
    top: 2.6em;  
    left: -0.2em;  
    background: #f3f6ff;  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/70% 70% 30% 30%;  
    transform: rotate(-10deg);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__leg--two {  
    width: 2.6em;  
    height: 3.6em;  
    top: 1.7em;  
    left: 1.6em;  
    background: #c7d1ea;  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/50% 50% 50% 50%;  
    transform-origin: 50% 0%;  
    transform: rotate(10deg);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__leg--two:before {  
    content: "";  
    position: absolute;  
    width: 1.6em;  
    height: 0.8em;  
    top: 3.05em;  
    left: 0em;  
    background: #f3f6ff;  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/70% 70% 30% 30%;  
    transform: rotate(-10deg);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__leg--four {  
    width: 2.6em;  
    height: 3.6em;  
    top: 1.8em;  
    left: 2.1em;  
    background: var(--theme-color,#e1e6f4);  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/50% 50% 50% 50%;  
    transform-origin: 50% 0%;  
    transform: rotate(10deg);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__leg--four:before {  
    content: "";  
    position: absolute;  
    width: 1.6em;  
    height: 0.8em;  
    top: 3.05em;  
    left: 0em;  
    background: #f3f6ff;  
    border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50%/70% 70% 30% 30%;  
    transform: rotate(-10deg);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__tail {  
    position: absolute;  
    width: 0.9em;  
    height: 0.9em;  
    top: 3.7em;  
    left: 4em;  
    background: var(--theme-color,#D2DAEE);  
    transform: rotate(25deg);  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__tail:after, .rabbit .rabbit__tail:before {  
    content: "";  
    position: absolute;  
    width: 100%;  
    height: 100%;  
    background: var(--theme-color,#D2DAEE);  
    border-radius: 50%;  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__tail:before {  
    top: 0;  
    left: -50%;  
  }  
  .rabbit .rabbit__tail:after {  
    top: 50%;  
    left: 0;  
  }  
  @-webkit-keyframes ear-left {  
    0%, 20%, 100% {  
      transform: rotate(40deg);  
    }  
    10%, 30%, 80% {  
      transform: rotate(45deg);  
    }  
    90% {  
      transform: rotate(50deg);  
    }  
  }  
  @keyframes ear-left {  
    0%, 20%, 100% {  
      transform: rotate(40deg);  
    }  
    10%, 30%, 80% {  
      transform: rotate(45deg);  
    }  
    90% {  
      transform: rotate(50deg);  
    }  
  }  
  @-webkit-keyframes ear-right {  
    0%, 20%, 100% {  
      transform: rotate(10deg);  
    }  
    10%, 30%, 80% {  
      transform: rotate(5deg);  
    }  
    90% {  
      transform: rotate(0deg);  
    }  
  }  
  @keyframes ear-right {  
    0%, 20%, 100% {  
      transform: rotate(10deg);  
    }  
    10%, 30%, 80% {  
      transform: rotate(5deg);  
    }  
    90% {  
      transform: rotate(0deg);  
    }  
  }  
  #rabbit_box{  
    position: fixed;  
    bottom: var(--pos,5%);   
    right: 35px;   
    z-index: 99;   
    border: none;   
    outline: none;   
    filter: drop-shadow(3px 5px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / 0.4));  
  }

rabbit.js代码：

(function (name, context, fn) {
    if (typeof module != 'undefined' && module.exports) {  
        // Node 环境  
        module.exports = fn();  
    } else if (typeof context['define'] == 'function' && (context['define']['amd'] || context['define']['cmd'])) {  
        // Require.js 或 Sea.js 环境  
        define(fn);  
    } else {  
        // client 环境  
        context[name] = fn();  
    }  
})('rabbit_init', this, function () {  
    return function (color=null,pos=null) {  
        var container = document.getElementById("rabbit_box");  
    container.innerHTML = '<div class="rabbit"><div class="rabbit__leg rabbit__leg--one"></div><div class="rabbit__leg rabbit__leg--two"></div><div class="rabbit__tail"></div><div class="rabbit__body"></div><div class="rabbit__leg rabbit__leg--three"></div><div class="rabbit__leg rabbit__leg--four"></div><div class="rabbit__ear rabbit__ear--right"></div><div class="rabbit__head"></div><div class="rabbit__ear rabbit__ear--left"></div></div>';  
    if(color != null){  
        document.documentElement.style.setProperty("--theme-color",color);  
    }  
    if(pos != null){  
        document.documentElement.style.setProperty("--pos",pos);  
    }  
    }  
});

保存在项目的lib目录。

首先将项目提交到Github: https://github.com/zcxey2911/rabbit

随后运行命令填写NPM配置：

npm init

entry point 配置项填写你的入口文件：

entry point: ./lib/rabbit.js

登录NPM账号，随后发布：

npm login
npm publish

登录之前，最好将切换回默认源，否则无法登录：

npm config set registry=https://registry.npmjs.com

发布成功后，查看发布内容：https://www.npmjs.com/package/rabbit-widget

开源库引入和使用

首先需要引入模块，可以使用 CDN 直接引入或者通过 NPM 包的形式安装。

直接引入：

<!-- https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/zcxey2911/rabbit@v1.0.0/lib/rabbit.css -->
<!-- https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/zcxey2911/rabbit@v1.0.0/lib/rabbit.js -->  
<link  
  rel="stylesheet"  
  href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/zcxey2911/rabbit@v1.0.0/lib/rabbit.css"  
/>  
<div id="rabbit_box">  
</div>  
<script>  
function init_rabbit(){  
 rabbit_init("pink","20%");  // 粉色 高度20%  
 //rabbit_init(); //默认颜色 默认位置  
}  
</script>  
<script  
  async  
  onload="init_rabbit()"  
  src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/zcxey2911/rabbit@v1.0.0/lib/rabbit.js"  
></script>

NPM 包的形式安装：

// npm install --save rabbit-widget
import 'rabbit-widget/lib/rabbit.css';  
var rabbit_init = require('rabbit-widget');  
rabbit_init();

如果使用NPM导入模块的形式引入，请确保页面加载完毕之后执行再执行rabbit_init();，否则会报错：Uncaught TypeError: Cannot set properties of null (setting 'innerHTML')。

这里以Vue.js3.0组件为例子：

<template>
  <a-layout class="layout">  
    <a-layout-header>  
      <div class="logo" />  
      <ad_header />  
    </a-layout-header>  
    <a-layout-content>  
      <a-breadcrumb>  
        <a-breadcrumb-item>广告平台</a-breadcrumb-item>  
        <a-breadcrumb-item>首页</a-breadcrumb-item>  
      </a-breadcrumb>  
      <div :style="{ background: '#fff', padding: '24px', minHeight: '280px' }">  
        这里是首页  
        <div id="rabbit_box"></div>  
    </div>  
    </a-layout-content>  
    <a-layout-footer>  
      在线广告平台  
    </a-layout-footer>  
  </a-layout>  
</template>  
<script>  
import ad_header from './ad_header';  
import 'rabbit-widget/lib/rabbit.css';  
var rabbit_init = require('rabbit-widget');  
export default {  
 data() {  
    return {  
    }  
  },  
  //声明子组件  
  components:{  
    'ad_header':ad_header  
  },  
  methods:{  
  },  
  created(){  
    this.$nextTick(() => {  
    console.log("页面加载完啦~")  
    rabbit_init();  
})  
  }  
}  
</script>  
<style>  
.site-layout-content {  
  min-height: 280px;  
  padding: 24px;  
  background: #fff;  
}  
#components-layout-demo-top .logo {  
  float: left;  
  width: 120px;  
  height: 31px;  
  margin: 16px 24px 16px 0;  
  background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);  
}  
.ant-row-rtl #components-layout-demo-top .logo {  
  float: right;  
  margin: 16px 0 16px 24px;  
}  
[data-theme='dark'] .site-layout-content {  
  background: #141414;  
}  
</style>

项目中引入效果：

结语

奉上项目代码，与众亲同飨:https://github.com/zcxey2911/rabbit https://www.npmjs.com/package/rabbit-widget ，最后祝各位乡亲祥瑞玉兔，人机平安，愿诸君2023年武运昌隆，前端一统。